The Iconic Egg-and-Dart Motif

The Iconic Egg-and-Dart Motif Egg-and-dart is a repetitive design that today is most often found on molding (e.g., crown molding) or trim. The pattern is characterized by a repetition of oval shapes, like an egg split lengthwise, with various non-curved patterns, like darts, repeated between the egg pattern. In three-dimensional sculpting of wood or stone, the pattern is in bas-relief, but the pattern can also be found in two-dimensional painting and stencil. The curved and non-curved pattern has been pleasing to the eye for centuries. It is often found in ancient Greek and Roman architecture and, so, is considered a Classical design element. Definition of Egg-and-Dart Egg-and-dart molding is a decorative molding in classical cornices that resembles alternating egg-shaped ovals with downward-pointing darts. - John Milnes Baker, AIA Egg and Dart Today Because its origins are from ancient Greece and Rome, the egg-and-dart motif is most often found in Neoclassical architecture, both public and residential, on interiors and exteriors. The Classical design provides a regal and stately feel to a room or facade. Examples of Egg-and-Dart The above photos illustrate the common ornamentation use of egg-and-dart design. The top photo is a detail of an Ionic column of the Great Court at the British Museum in London, England. This columns capital shows the volutes or scrolls typical of Ionic columns. Although the scrolls are a defining characteristic of the Ionic Classical Order, the egg-and-dart between them are added details- architectural ornamentation more ornate than found on many earlier Greek structures. The bottom photo is a piece of cornice from the Roman Forum in Italy. The egg-and-dart design, which would run horizontally along the top of the ancient structure, is underscored by another design called bead and reel. Look carefully at the Ionic column in the picture above, and youll notice the same bead-and-reel design beneath that egg-and-dart. In the egg-and-dart design on the ancient Parthenon in Athens, Greece combines both of these uses- between volutes and continuous design line on the entablature. Other Roman-inspired examples include the Temple of Saturnus at the Roman Forum in Italy and the Temple of Baal in Palmyra, Syria. What is Ovolo? Ovolo molding is another name for quarter round molding. It comes from the Latin word for egg, ovum, and is sometimes used to describe crown molding decorated with an egg-and-dart motif. Ensure that you understand the meaning of ovolo as used by your architect or contractor because todays ovolo molding does not necessarily mean its decoration is egg-and-dart. So, what is ovolo? A convex molding less than a semi-circle in profile; usually a quarter of a circle or approximately a quarter-ellipse in profile.- Dictionary of Architecture and Construction Other Names for Egg and Dart (with and without hyphens) egg and anchoregg and arrowegg and tongueechinus What Is Echinus and Astragal? This design looks very similar to egg-and-dart with a bead and reel below. The word echinus, however, is architecturally part of a Doric column and the word astragal describes a bead design more simple than bead and reel. Today, echinus and astragal is used by historians and students of Classical architecture- rarely by homeowners. Sources Baker, John Milnes, and W.W. Norton, American House Styles: a Concise Guide. 1994, p. 170.Harris, Cyril M. Dictionary of Architecture Construction. McGraw-Hill, 2006. pp. 176, 177, 344.

Response to the Discussion by Tamika Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response to the Discussion by Tamika - Case Study Example It is essential to develop trust and partnership with the wife of the patient for strengthening and supporting that family through expected and unexpected life events. Therefore, it is important to help Maureen in supporting the interest of the family and she should be given the right guidelines regarding cancer communication. "The family is a significant factor in the health and well-being of individuals, and promotion, maintenance, and restoration of families are important to society's survival." (Registered Nurses Association of Ontario, 2006). Thus, as a nursing practitioner, I would help the wife of the patient to understand the relevance of effective cancer communication and I will collaborate with her in determining the most impeccable resolution regarding this communication. I will convince Maureen not to rush to any futile conclusions and that we will support her in every possible way to offer the best solution to the issue. Thus, after the collaborative discussions and eval uations of the possible courses of actions and their consequences, I will help Maureen to take the right decision regarding the information being withheld from her husband. In her discussion of the specific case provided, Tamika makes some essential points regarding effective cancer communication to the patient and the issues related. At the very start of the discussion, Tamika mentions the possibility of the errors in the decision of Maureen to withhold the information from the patient, while she accepts the situations leading to the wife’s decision.  Ã‚  

How to Write a Good Email?

How to Write a Good Email?Custom writing email is used by many people these days. People are putting their email address to different service providers, companies, and even other individuals. Email is a great way to communicate. You can also use it as a publicity tool, to get more clients, or get the attention of anyone you want.Emailing can be considered as one of the most important aspects of marketing. A good writer will not only deliver the message but also give the reader what they are expecting. Here are some tips on how to write a good email.First, let your audience know what your business stands for. Let them know what you stand for and why you are doing business with them. Write what you want to say to your target audience. Make sure that you include your message in your email content.Next, do not forget to include your target audience. It will help the reader see your importance to them. You can either include a picture or include a short paragraph about what you do in your business. If you can't say it yourself, use a catchy subject line.For instance, if you are selling hair accessories or make-up, you can write 'I send hair accessories to those who make me look beautiful' to make your writing more appealing to your audience. You can also include your company's logo, a short bio, and a link where you can place the order.Be sure to include a personal touch to your email. Include a thank you or leave a message so that you will have an advantage over the other customer. If you are putting an offer in your email, make sure to mention it clearly, especially if it is something special.To show appreciation, leave a message after the sale to let the recipient know that you did offer them freebies. Your aim is to motivate your customer to give you their business. An easy way to do this is to leave a message that says, 'Thank you for your interest in our products and services. We will keep in touch to hear more about what you need. Hope to see you soon.'

Gossip, Lies and Topics for Descriptive Research Paper

Gossip, Lies and Topics for Descriptive Research Paper Added benefits of Market Research Online market research is thought to be one of the most powerful and cost efficient tools that could help to accomplish your objective. In many decades, you are going to be a Doctor of Science. Previously market research was conducted solely by big companies but now even the compact businesses can conduct researches as it's quite affordable unlike the previous days. 1 thing which you will want to take into account early in your dissertation procedure is the design of your research study. Market research methods ought to be chosen carefully, it may be qualitative or quantitative in nature. Ask yourself if there's a true demand for marketing research. The entire research should be constructed around or from the subject. Research objectives, when stated effectively, can offer the info required to fix the problem you've got from step 2. Once you select your topic, you may always revise and edit it for improved formation. If you're confused with a number of interesting topics to research online, it's far better to choose what interests you the most. Writing of the descriptive essay can be rather challenging. It always includes creative writing, even if the topic seems to be dull and boring at first glance. A descriptive essay is a brief paper that is about describing or summarizing a topic. It is written to get the reader to understand by using a descriptive language. Why Almost Everything You've Learned About Topics for Descriptive Research Paper Is Wrong Writing a descriptive research paper calls for the writer to portray a stunning picture or place it in simple words which make the readers feel like they exist in the authentic scene rather than simply reading it. You will need to reveal t he readers that you master of this issue and not a confused newbie who doesn't understand what he or she's speaking about. The main purpose of description essay is to describe something, be it an individual, a circumstance or only something you wish to tell people about. The intention of a descriptive essay is to describe an individual, place or anything in vivid detail so the reader can create an image in mind of what's being written. Type of Topics for Descriptive Research Paper So, it doesn't give accurate outcomes. The research procedure takes a string of steps as listed below. Descriptive research is used to refer to users of an item, determine the proportion of the populace that employs an item, or predict future demand for an item. In that instances, an extensive research can help you discover the ideal product for you. The Topics for Descriptive Research Paper Trap It's also essential to have a theme for subject of discussion which can, obviously, be inspired by des criptive articles written by other people. Basically, you simply pick a topic that is simpler for you so you can paint palpable pictures in the mind of the reader. You will need to spell out this issue in detail and provide relevant examples. Detecting a topic for your study can be tough, but there are many great approaches to produce intriguing ideas. The more you fully grasp the simpler it's for you to compose a thriving research paper. Without a suitable content, excellent research paper topics won't make sense. Research papers are a form of an essay, where you will need to reveal your ideas and ideas. Descriptive research papers can be quite direct and broad. If you should write only 1 paper at the conclusion of the period, you can breathe out as you are blessed. The title of your assignment automatically determines the research you are going to have to do to be able to be in a position to compose the paper. It's possible to find out more regarding students' term papers here. Researching any issue about government or laws can get overwhelming because of the intricacy of the issues and even due to the wording of some laws. A quantitative strategy is better when investigating topics that will be objectively measured. Descriptive research is largely utilised in the start of researching a topic or phenomenon. The intention of a psychology research paper, just enjoy any sort of scientific writing, is to find the audience updated about developments in the psychology field.

Hidden Woman Essay Topics Fundamentals Explained

Hidden Woman Essay Topics Fundamentals Explained You have to truly feel those emotions, to be able to have the ability to arouse them in the reader. One of the greatest approaches to change anybody's mind is with an emotional investment. Her finding subsequently results in sweeping adjustments to air traffic control regulations to prevent wake turbulence accidents. So as to continue to keep our clients satisfied, if we must walk an additional mile, we'd happily to do so with no sweat! You have to use no less than one academic source per question. The subsequent 30 questions are debatable and will need to be studied thoroughly. Nobody may give an accurate answer. There's a very clear demarcation between who's good and who's wrong and the moral compass is wound up tight. There were some decent disagreements. The nation renews its commitment and determination to provide the maximum priority to the basic requirements and rights of all children. A single issue to remember is that the supporting details together with in-text citations go within this section of an essay. Take a look at our clients' responses to be sure our service is the ideal choice in regards to customized writing! All you need to do is select a topic from the list of persuasive essay topics above and we'll write the paper for you in virtually no time. Needless to say, the grade you are going to receive also depends upon the characteristic of your research and writing. It's been in the normal practise for a woman by birth to deal with home and keep unemployed at home. This also changes by the close of the story once the wallpaper appears to plague her. The world isn't a beauty pageant where every woman has to seem perfect. For several years, I considered my home to be an extremely liberal one. To find out more about study programs, teachers and other intriguing truth about the college you want to apply to, have a look at their official sites. To aid you, we've listed out a few popular college essay subjects. College is a time for students to concentrate on courses that are particular to the student's career objectives. Students should successfully finish the curriculum of both educational institutions so as to advance in many careers. Ladies play an outstanding part in everybody's life without whom we can't imagine the success of life. They play a great role in the growth and development of the society and making it an advanced and modern society. They are the half population of the world mean half power of the world. Things You Won't Like About the Hidden Woman Essay Topics and Things You Will All persuasive essays are like argumentative essays. Polygamy ought to be banned. Get in touch with us now to acquire expert essay writing help! This assignment utilizes a grading rubric. Work on the thesis statement as soon as you choose the topic. Inside this essay, you can demonstrate which you are so far more than just your grades and test benefits!

Teachers' stages of concern Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Teachers' stages of concern - Research Paper Example Globalization compels all countries to undertake substantial changes in their education agenda to be able to cope with such changes. Among these is the need to cope with technology. The demands placed upon the workforce, in terms of technology competencies, have made nations conscious of the need to integrate technology into school curricula, to prepare the youth for the demands of the future (Hord, Rutherford, Huling-Austin, & Hall, 1987; Hishamuddin, 2005). Tinio (2003) succinctly puts that the justification for the promotion of ICT in curricula worldwide is to equip students for the future requirements of the work setting. The latter strongly required the use of ICT, specifically computers and other online resources. This makes computer literacy a requisite for success in a technology-driven world (Tinio, 2003). The move to integrate technology into education entails the use of technological tools in pedagogy, including the Internet, blogs, digital cameras, other electronic and di gital tools to enhance the teaching process. Moreover, Pierson (2001) notes that educational reform will only be authentic if it goes beyond the acquisition of hardware supportive of technology, but a real, open adoption of strategies that will enable such integration into the school curriculum. Pierson (2001) adds that the requirement for computer literacy is apparent in daily tasks required of students both in their homes and within the educational institution. This demand entails teachers to gain knowhow of content, instruction, and technology that are apt for student progress. It is thus critical for teachers to know how to integrate technology into their teaching approaches (Pierson, 2001). The differences between the conventional and novel uses of technology emphasize the idea that teachers can utilize technology to enhance pedagogical approaches towards the enhancement of student learning (Cognition and Technology Group at

Are Capital Asset Pricing Model Useful Finance Essay

Are Capital Asset Pricing Model Useful Finance Essay The CAPM model has generally been attributed to William Sharpe, but John Lintner and Jan Mossin also made similar individual derivations in 1960s. As a result of the model is even known as Sharpe-Lintner-Mossin (SLM) capital asset pricing model. The CAPM explains the relationship that should exist between the securities expected return and their risk about security returns. It is a direct extension of the portfolio models developed by Markowitz and Sharpe. CAPM derives the relationship between required rate of returns and the systematic risk of individual securities and portfolios. The model explains how different securities or assets in the capital market are priced. The CAPM provides an explicit measure of the risk premium. The CAPM can be expressed as follows: The portfolio that contains all the securities in the economy is called the market portfolio and it plays a crucial role in CAPM. The CAPM is the theoretical relationship that should hold for all securities and portfolios, both efficient and inefficient. The CAPM when plotted on a graph gives a line as depicted: The graphical version of CAPM is also known as Security market line (SML). The SML represents the relationship between beta factor and the expected rate of return f a security. This is also called risk-free rate. In equilibrium, all securities and portfolios plots should lie on the CAPM line. Capital asset pricing model has the following implications: Risk-return relationship for individual asset/securities. Identification of under and overvalued assets traded. Pricing of assets which have not yet traded in the market. Effect of leverage on cost of equity (rate of return required by equity shareholder) Capital budget decisions and cost of capital. (Source: Capital asset pricing model; Portfolio management from ICFAI publication page no.91) The CAPM has a variety of applications. Capital asset pricing model used for decisions relating to portfolio evaluation, capital expenditure, financing etc. The CAPM determines the cost of capital for discounting of future cash flows. CAPM is even assist in risk implications of mergers and acquisitions, product mixes and many more. CAPM has been the most widely used method in finance. Since the 1990s the CAPM has been started to be used in the calculation of risk-adjusted discount rate which has been a major contribution for capital budgeting. Capital budgeting is a key input for any organization so as to know the cost of capital for which companies use CAPM as they need market risk premium for calculating cost of capital. At present all MBA courses teach CAPM so as to calculate cost of capital. However the classic method for capital budgeting is to take Net Present Value (NPV). (Source: Bierman, H.J., 1993, Capital Budgeting:A Survey, Financial Management 22, 24) Investors should be cautious when applying the model to estimate assets returns and to evaluate investment performance. Empirical appraisal of CAPM The CAPM was developed on the basis of a set of unrealistic assumptions as the assumptions are not correct in their entirety. The CAPM must be tested empirically and validated before it can be used with any real confidence. The empirical test should look for the key results first, the positive relationship between returns and systematic risk and should appear to be linear. Second, test should attempt to assess the importance of market and company specific risk. Third, whether research questions on CAPM is conceptually possible. AT last CAPM if valid will assist in financial decisions. However, when analysis of bond is done, they do not plot on the SML. (Source: 80 International Research Journal of Finance and Economics Issue 4 (2006))Empirical analysis is done to evaluate the assets, their risk, analyze and to be placed in respective place. Then only hurdle rates can be calculated for the project to be undertaken. (Jagannathan and McGrattan [1995]. Limitations of CAPM CAPM is a useful model in dealing with the risk. However, it suffers from many Limitations firstly; the calculation of beta factor is very tedious as lot of data is required. The beta factor can be found by examining the securitys historical returns relative to the return of the market portfolio. Further, the beta factor may or may not reflect the future variability of returns. The assumptions of CAPM are hypothetical and are impractical. For example, the assumption of borrowed and lending at the same rate is imaginary and not practical. In practice the borrowing rates are higher than the lending rates. Secondly the earlier tests showed positive relation between returns and betas. However, the relationship was not strong as predicted by CAPM. All empirical studies testing CAPM have a conceptual problem. CAPM is an ex-ante model; that is data on expected prices are taken to test CAPM. Unfortunately, in practice the researchers or analyst have to work with the actual past (ex-post) dat a which will put up bias in the empirical results. (Source: capital asset pricing model www.ezinearticles.com)Third; beta is used as a measure for the securitys future risk. However there is no future data or information is available with the investors to calculate the beta. Hence, these investors take the help of past data to estimate the future prices of shares and the market portfolio. Thus, investors estimate beta using the historical data. One cannot expect the beta factor to be constant over time. It must be updated frequently. And at the same time CAPM is unable to capture the risk just only with the help of beta. (Source: capital-asset-pricing-model, www. professional-edu.blogspot.com)Fourth; CAPM assumes that the returns on the investments are tax free. However in todays life the assumption is wrong as investments are subject to capital gain taxes and further adding transaction costs. And the taxes depends on the amount of return higher the return higher the tax and lower t he return and lower the tax. Fifth; The CAPM has the assumption that the transaction costs are zero but it is not as such. In the capital market there is transaction cost for every transaction done, some investments hover below or above line which is discouraged due the transaction costs. And many investments involve significant transaction costs such as acquiring a business or real estate. (Stambaugh, R. F. 1999. Predictive regressions. Journal of Financial Economics 54) Doubt began to arise when taking a close look at the assumptions and these are reinforced by the empirical tests. The model focuses on market rather than total risk is clearly a useful way of thinking about the riskiness of assets in general. We do not know precisely how t measure any of the inputs required to implement the CAPM. This input should be ex ante but we only have ex post info available. The estimates used in the CAPM are subject to large errors. Debate The CAPM has been attractive in measuring the risk and return relation since three decades. With the help of CAPM the rate of return on different securities can be compared by the investor. With the comparison of expected rate of return on different securities investors/firms can wisely decide to invest in portfolio so as to maximize the return with minimizing the risk. (Source: CAPM from Book Financial Management by I M Pandey. But unfortunately, the empirical record is too poor to validate the way it to be used. The models problems may be due to theoretical failing or the unrealistic assumptions and the difficulties faces in applying the valid model. The model has been 1959 and since decades concerns have been raised on the number of studies about the model. There has been no historical relationship between returns and the risk i.e. the betas. (Source: Fama and French 1992) The conclusion interpreted from the statistical findings. The data are noisy to invalidate the CAPM. (Source: Christensen and Mendelson [1992] and Black [1993]. Despite criticisms, the general reaction has been to focus on alternative asset pricing models. (Fama and French [1992]. The economist show lack of empirical support for the CAPM which may be due to inappropriateness of assumptions made to facilitate the empirical test. For example, the return on stock market indices is good proxy for return on market portfolio but do not capture all assets in the economy such as human capital. Beta calculated for diversified portfolios are more accurate than that of the individual securities as grouping shrink beta range and hence reduces statistical power. To improve the empirical testing of CAPM numerous changes had been done in the past overcome the limitations or even to look for the subsequent alternate model to validate. At the same time the researchers and practitioners have began to look for multi-beta models that overcome the shortcomings of the CAPM. Fama and French (1992) and Fama and MacBeth (1973) use the same procedure but the results are totally different from each other. The former has no relation at one hand and the later has a positive relation between return and risk. Everyone is in a debate of whether to follow CAPM model or not? Where the companies even use CAPM for their capital budgeting process. But still some academic feels that those who choose the CAPM will actually not be getting worthless advice. (Source: Eugene F. Fama and Kenneth R. French, Journal of Finance, Vol. 47, 1992, 427-465)The model is often used for looking the performance of mutual funds and other portfolios. One of the big problem is forming p ortfolio by sorting stocks on the basis of price ratios but the average returns do not relate to market betas. ((Lakonishok, Shleifer and Vishny, 1994, Fama and French, 1996, 1998).) At NYSE, NASDAQ from 1963 to 2003 the average return on the book to market equity ratio portfolio rises monotonically from 10.1% p.a. to 16.7% for ten portfolios in U.S. securities but the positive relation between beta and return predicted by the model was absent. Whereas all NYSE stocks between 1931-1965 estimated that the results were consistent with the CAPM model. (Black, Jensen and Scholes 1972) Conclusion CAPM has been facing a lot of criticism in the recent times still it remains a useful tool for many i.e. for estimating the cost of capital, investment performance evaluation and efficient market event studies (Moyer et al 2001:204; Campbell et al 1997:183). In some of the recent empirical studies CAPM is said to be invalid. The CAPM is stated in terms of ex ante parameters, ex post tests cannot be accepted as an ultimate rejection of the CAPM and its parameters (Levy 1997:147). The CAPM should be judged on the basis of insights it provides into the risk/return relationship. Without the CAPM, the knowledge of the capital market and the market conditions would have been very limited (Karnosky 1993:56). Every three out of four CFOs use CAPM model to estimate the cost of capital. (Source: Graham and Harvey (2001). Corporate managers in U.S. confirmed in a survey the use of CAPM as a key tool for capital budgeting. Current MBA aspirant are taught to use CAPM for estimating cost of capita l. The CAPM should be continued with both individual tests and multi-factor models joint tests such as APT. Such testing will help understanding of the stock market pricing mechanism and the risk/return relationship. The capital asset pricing model has been employed in a wide variety of academic and institutional applications such as measuring portfolio performance, testing of market efficiency, identifying under and overvalued securities, capital budgeting etc. Apart the model have also been used in business by analyst, researchers and firms. CAPM has been the basis for modern capital market theory since 30 years, but with the emergence of new equity markets around the world during the last few years, accumulating research has increasingly created doubt on the models ability due to many cases arising where the model is not able to explain the correct movement of assets return. Despite its limitations and shortcomings, the CAPM model is a popular tool in the investment analysis. The simplicity of the model towards description of the equilibrium has made it quite popular among the users even today. There are other factors i.e. taxes, inflation, liquidity, and market capitalization and price earnings ratios apart from beta which affect required returns What believed is CAPM have significantly contributed to the security pricing theory, but applied in practice has got some defects and for which an extended CAPM should be applied or have to look for a new better model which should not have any deficiencies. The CAPM model is f or sure here to stay and attempts will continue to improve the model and to make it more useful.