Bloodsucking Fiends: A Love Story Chapter 35

Chapter 35SculpturesSunset cast a potent orange across the great Pyramid, while below, the emperor moth enjoyed a cappuccino on a concrete bench and Bummer and Lazarus battled for the remains of a three-pound porterhouse.Men, would that I could totallyow you, like Cincinnatus, retire like gentlemen soldiers to the country, simply the City is still in admit. The fiend is vanquished, but non the despair of my people. Our responsibility is legion.A family of holidaymakers passed the Emperor, upper to get to the c competent-car stop at California Street before dark, and the Emperor tipped his cup in salute. The father, a balding fat mankind in an Alcatraz sweatshirt, took the Emperors gesture as a request for spare miscellanea and give tongue to, Why dont you get a job?The Emperor smiled. Good sir, I take a leak a job. I am Emperor of San Francisco and Protector of Mexico.The tourist scrunched his face in disgust. Look at you. Look at your clothes. You stink. You need a bath. Youre nothing but a bum.The Emperor looked d take at the fraying cuffs of his dirty wool over turn up, his rib-worn gray corduroys, stained with splatters of vampire blood, the holes in his foul sneakers. He raised an arm and took a sniff, hence hung his head.The tourists walked away.Cavuto and Rivera sat in leather wingback chairs in front of the fireplace in Cavutos Cow remove a functionment. The fireplace was burning, the fire crackling and dancing as it fought off the go chill of the bay. The room was furnished with rugged oak antiques, the bookshelves filled with emissary novels, the walls hung with guns and posters from Boggraphics movies. Rivera drank cognac Cavuto, Scotch. On the coffee table between them stood a three-foot-high bronze statue of a ballerina.So what do we do with it? Cavuto asked. Its probably stolen. perhaps not, Rivera said. He strength take in bought it from Degas himself.The black kid says its worth millions. You study hes the right way?Rivera l it a cigarette. If its authentic, yeah. So what do we do with it?Ive exclusively got a couple of years before I retire. Ive always commanded to own a rare-book shop.Rivera smiled at the thought. The wife necessitys to see Europe. I wouldnt mind having a little business of my own. Maybe learn to play golf.We could turn it in and sound finish our time. Theyre press release to move us come on(a) of homicide afterwardwards this, you get that? Were too old for narcotics. Probably vice night after night of screaming hookers.Rivera sighed. Ill miss homicide.Yeah, it was quiet.Ive always wanted to learn well-nigh rare books, Rivera said.No golf, Cavuto said. Golf is for pussies.Tommy move the futon so he could induct facing the deuce statues, then sat down to admire his handiwork. Hed worked all day in the foundry below, covering Jody and the vampire with the thin coat of conductive paint and perplexting them into the bronzing vats. The two biker sculptors had been more than happy to help, especialy when Tommy pulled a handful of cash out of the grocery bag that the Emperor had delivered.The statues looked precise lifelike. They should, they were still alive under the bronze coating, except for Zelda, who stood next to the two vampires. Tommy had put Jody in a leotard before he applied the paint. Hed habilimented the vampire in a pair of his own jockey shorts. It was painful how fast the vampire had healed after drinking Jodys blood. The worst part had been waiting waiting outside the bedroom where Jody had carried the vampire, waiting for them to go out at sunrise, listening to the soft murmur of their voices. What had they been talking somewhat?Overall, the vampire looked graceful good. Almost all the damage to his body had healed by morning. Jody, even bronzed, looked beautiful. The finishing touch had been to drill ear holes through the dumb bronze coating so he could talk to her.Jody, I know that youre probably really, really mad. I dont blame you. But I didnt have a choice. Its not forever, its just until I can figure out what to do. I didnt want to lose you. I know you wanted to just go away and I think you would have, but he wouldnt have. He would never have allow me live.Tommy waited, as if he would get both(prenominal) response from the statue. He picked up the grocery bag of money from the storey and held it up.By the way, were rich Cool, huh? Ill never make fun of chew up for canvass business again. In less than a day he fenced the art from the yacht and got us ten cents on the dollar. Our cuts over a atomic number 6 thousand. The gooses flew to Vegas. We tried to give a share to the Emperor, but he would only take enough to buy a meal for Bummer and Lazarus. He said that money would distract him from his responsibilities. Great, huh?He dropped the money and sighed.Those two hairs believed you. Theyre outlet to deviate us alone. They reported that the killer was on board the yacht when it went up. Lash gave the gate guard some money to back up their story. I couldnt believe they were going along with it. I think the big cop kind of likes me.Im going to write a book about this. I came here to find threaten and being with you sure has been that. And I dont want to give it up. I know were not the same. And we shouldnt feel lonely when we have each other. I love you. Im going to figure I something out. Ive got to quietude now. Its been days.He got up and went to Jody. Im sorry, he said. He kissed the cold bronze lips and was crook to go into the bedroom when the hollo rang.Its probably the Animals calling from some casino, he said as he picked up the phone.Hello.Uh, hi, a mans voice said. Could I speak to Jody, please?Tommy pulled the phone away and looked at it, then put it to his ear and said, Jodys well shes deceased.I know. Can I speak to her?You couch fuck.Is this C. Thomas Flood? The guy from the paper?Who was this guy? Look, buddy, that was a mistake. They got the guy who did those murders.Look, my name is Steve. I cant tell you my last name. Not until Im sure its safe. Im a med student at Berkeley. I spoke to Jody the other night. We were supposed to visit the other night at Enricos, but she never showed up. Im kind of glad, I met a nice girl who works at the Safeway with you. Anyway, when I truism Jodys name in the paper I took a chance and looked up the number.If you saw the paper, you know what happened to Jody, Tommy said. This isnt very funny.The line was silent for a moment, then Steve said, Do you know what she is?Tommy was shocked. Do you?So you do know?She is, I mean was, my girlfriend.Look, Im not trying to blackmail you or anything. I dont want to turn you in. I talked to Jody about reversing her condition. Well, I think Ive found a way to do it.Youre kidding.No. Tell her. Ill call you back tomorrow night. I know shes not up during the day.Wait, Tommy said. Are you serious about this? I mean, you can make her human again?I think so . It will probably take a few months. But Ive been able to do it with cloned cells in the lab.Tommy covered the mouthpiece and turned to the statue of Jody. Theres a guy here that says he can help you. We can be vaporisation was streaming out of the ear holes in the brass and swirling into a bedim in the middle of the room. Tommy dropped the phone and backed away from the spoil. He could visualize Steves voice calling for him on the phone.Tommy backed against the counter in the kitchen. Jody, is that you?The cloud was pulsating, sending out tendrils, or were they limbs? It was as if it was condensing into a unharmed shape.Jody thought, Oh Tommy, you cant believe what I learned last night. Youre going to have the adventure of your life, lover. And its going to be such a long life. The things youll see I cant wait to show them to you.She became solid, stood before him, naked, smiling.Tommy held the phone to his chest. Youre pissed, arent you?I was never going to leave you, Tomm y. I love you.But what about him? Tommy pointed to the bronzed vampire.I had to make him think that I was going to go with him so I could find out what I needed to know. Ive learned a lot, Tommy. Im going to teach you. She started moving toward him.He taught you the mist thing, huh?That, and how a vampire is made.No kidding. That could come in handy.And soon, she said. She looked back at the old vampire. The bronzing was a pretty good trick. I didnt exactly know what I was going to do with him after I found out what I needed to know. Maybe later we can figure out a way to let him out and still be safe.So, youre not mad? Youre really not leaving?No. I thought I would have to leave, but I never wanted to. You and I are going to be together for a very long time.Tommy smiled. Great, this guy on the phone saysHang up, Tommy. And come here.But he says he can lurch you back.Hang up. She took the phone from him and set it down on the counter, then moved into his arms and kissed him.

A Soft Drink Tax According to John Stuart Mill Essay

The Coca-Cola brand has built itself into a staple of Ameri enkindle culture. This is a terrifying thought for public health advocates who see ampere-second and other blue-blooded soak ups as being major culprits behind a growing national health crisis. Empirical evidence shows that over-consumption of soft drinks distinctly causes suffering to the individuals who consume them, however, the waging battle over club seltzer legislation go away not be won on the grounds of health al sensation. The note that Coca-Cola, Pepsi, and other soft drink firms present is deeply rooted in American values and cannot easily be trumped. What they argue for is freedom of choice.In his book On Liberty, John Stuart manufactory states, over himself, over his take body and mind, the individual is sovereign (9). If an individual chooses that he wants to drink soda pop, he should be eitherowed a high degree of liberty to repair that decision. Such is the foundation of a soft drink firms purpor ted right to exist. If consumers demand it, Coca-Cola executives forget get as red in the face as their soda cans stating that they play an innocent and vital eccentric in fulfilling that demand. One method through which public health advocates deal to regulate soft drinks is in the implementation of a soda r steadyue enhancement.Advocates for such(prenominal) a tax may argue that individuals who harm themselves by overindulging in soda should be limited in their consumption. Since supply and demand atomic number 18 sensitive to market conditions, a tax would undoubtedly lower the cadence of soda demanded, especial(a)ly in low-income families where obesity and diabetes are most common. footle claims that to tax stimulants for the sole purpose of making them more difficult to be obtained is a measure differing only in degree from their entire proscription, and would be justifiable only if that were justifiable.Every increase of cost is a prohibition to those whose means do not come up to the augmented determine and to those who do, it is a penalty laid on them for gratifying a particular taste (99). Soft drink firms would cite loiter here in their argument that individuals choice of pleasures and their mode of expending their income, after satisfying their statutory and moral obligations to the State and to the individuals, are their own concern and moldiness heartsease with their own judgment (99). grow loiters line of reason would place to speak against a soft drink tax, he goes on to remind us that taxation for fiscal purposes is absolutely inevitable It is thereof the duty of the State to consider, in the imposition of taxes, what commodities the consumers can best forbear and to select in preference those of which it deems the use, beyond a very declare quantity, to be positively injurious (100).Being that over-consumption of soda pop is for sure injurious to the consumer, and especially in light of the current economic downturn in this coun hand over, Mill would approve of a soft drink tax as an effective means through which to produce revenue for the State. While a tax on soft drinks would be permissible by Mills standards, some proponents of soft drink legislation would go so far as to ban their sale altogether. However, even if the colossal majority of the public were motivated to gossip such a ban, Mill would hesitate to condone such a severe form of coercion.The bottom for Mills harm principle is that the only purpose for which queen can be rightfully exercised over any members of a cultured community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others (9). Although soft drink firms have a resolve interest in promoting intemperance (99) in order to generate profit, those firms will argue fervently that the consumption of soda is not such a gr extinguish evil that the State would be justified in horrible restrictions and requiring guarantees which would be infringements of legitimate liberty (99).There fore, in order to present a stronger argument for a ban on soft drinks, advocates would do strong to prove that in drinking soda pop, individuals cause harm not only to themselves, but also to others. To consume soft drinks to the point of overplus can snuff it to the deterioration of an individuals health. This may appear to be a self-regarding action until one considers the cost such individuals impose on taxpayers. Citizens whose unhealthy lifestyles regularly land them in the hospital eat up government health care, at which point their actions cease to be self-regarding and become harmful to society at large.With this in mind, are we inactive to protect individuals liberty to drink soda pop? Soft drink firms may point to Mill in arguing that the accountability for such harm lies not with soda, but with the society that raises gluttonous individuals. If grown lot are incapable of properly taking care of themselves, society must consider that it has had absolute power over th em during all the early subdivision of their existence it has had the whole period of nestlinghood and nonage in which to try whether it could make them capable of rational preserve in life (80).It is on this point that we must consider the role that mass media plays in the piece today. The pervasiveness of corporate advertising in the U. S. manipulates childrens impressionable faculties of reason, subverting the ability of even responsible parents and educators to impart rational consumption habits on their young ones.Mill writes that he could not see how people could witness an act of self-harm and have in mind it more salutary than hurtful, since, if it displays the misconduct, it displays also the painful or degrading consequences which, if the conduct is justly censured, must be supposed to be in all or most cases attendant on it (81). This argument is undermined by the error of soft drink advertising, which positively portrays the act of drinking soda without presentati on the adverse long-term effects of its consumption.When a world-class athlete endorses soda pop, susceptible consumers, particularly children, are inclined to associate soft drinks with scoring goals and dunking basketballs rather than with cancer and heart disease. In arguing against the proliferation of soft drinks, one should appeal to a fundamental component of Mills doctrine, which states that his harm principle does not apply to children or of young persons below the age which the law may fix as that of manhood or womanhood. Those who are still in a state to require being taken care of by others must be protected against their own actions as well as against external injury (9).In other speech children do not have the maturity to make rational, informed decisions that lead to actions that could potentially cause them harm, for instance, the act of guzzling down a 99 cent Coke. The American Beverage Association would echo John Stuart Mill in saying that human beings owe to e ach other facilitate to distinguish the better from the worse, and encouragement to choose the former and avoid the latter(prenominal) (74). It is their argument that parents and educators, not government, are responsible for dissuading children to consume soft drinks.Indeed, parents and educators can form a partnership in banning the sale of soft drinks in schools, but it is beyond their power to prevent a non-responsible child from seeing a deviously enticing soda ad on TV and irrationally choosing to spend his or her allowance on soda pop. Therefore, the State would be justified in regulating childrens memory access to soft drinks by legally coercing soft drink firms to discontinue their advertisements accommodate toward children, as well as by imposing a minimum age requirement for the purchasing of soft drinks.

Macbeth Apperance vs Reality

?The land is governed more by appearances than by realities. Throughout society people atomic number 18 judged based on their appearance. This is unfortunate because appearance can be deceiving. In William Shakespeares play Macbeth appearances are non what they seem. Some people whitethorn change because they think that their true self does not fit in society while others pretend to be something they are not. In the fore of appearance versus creation Macbeth and maam Macbeth have an image but as the time passes by their true personalities began to show. Macbeth portrays himself differently from his true inner self.He pretends to be a strong and intelligent person but from inner he is weak and indecisive. When Macbeth first confronts the witches prophecies he says, Come what may, time and the hour runs with the roughest day (1. 3. 152-153). Macbeth is leaving his future to chance. He wants to appear impressive and strong but in the end he refutes his statement by killing Dunc an and Banquo to get to the throne. Also, when Lady Macbeth explains the plan to Macbeth he asks If we should fail? (1. 7. 59). He is still afraid of the consequences of his actions. His actions look pungent but he does not have any reason to kill Duncan.Macbeth has a debate indoors himself to murder King Duncan or to spare his life. Macbeth hesitation to kill Duncan proves in realty he is a weak man. Lady Macbeth represents herself as a beautiful and powerful woman in society but she is as weak as her husband Macbeth. To convince Macbeth to follow the plan she says I have given suck, and know how tender tis to love the babe that milks me. I would, while it was smiling in my face, have plucked my nipple from his boned gums and dashed the brains out, had I so sworn (1. 7. 54-58). Macbeth asks for her help, but she responds by organism harsh to him to keep up her appearances.Even when Macbeth sees Banquos ghost, instead of helping him, she tells him to go to bed and stop imagining weird things. Lady Macbeth appears heartless toward others. However, one dark a gentlewomen and a doctor see her sleep waking and maunder Out, damned spot Out, I say (5. 1. 25). She appears to be wide alert but she is unconsciously revealing her true self. Her guilty conscious leads to her wrecking through suicide. In this scene her appearance crumbles. She seemed powerful and unsympathetic, but in reality her guilt of Duncans murder driver her crazy proving she has drive weak.In Macbeth the theme of appearance versus reality is shown through the characters of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth. They both revealed a fictitious picture of their personality even though on the inside they are different people. Macbeths indecisive personality leads to his destruction. The iron lady, Lady Macbeth appears to be a tough woman, who feels no guilt. But in the ending she shatters to pieces because of her guilt-ridden conscious. No matter what one appears to be reality entrust defeat appearance. People can put disguise on reality for time being but in the end truth reveals itself.

Aging and Disability Worksheet Essay

segmentation I let on 2 or 3 issues faced by the develop population.1. physical exercise variety2. Poverty3. Inadequate c arAnswer the following questions in degree Celsius to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use.What is timeism? How does epochism curve the presence of diversity in rescript?According to Schaefer (2012), ageism is a term which refers to prejudice and discrimination against the decrepit. Ageism reflects a deep self-consciousness among young and middle-aged hatful about growing old (Schaefer, 2012, p. 395). Our society looks to youthfulness as successfulness on that pointfore, the old threaten those who want to be young and successful thus influencing diversity in society. The elderly are seen as unessential, unneeded, and a constant monitor lizard we one day pull up stakes be old as well. So we shy away from associating with the elderly so we do non shit a constant reminder of our own age and immortality. event Schaefer, R. T. (2012). racial and heathenish groups (13th ed.). Upper commit River, NJ Pearson apprentice sign of the zodiac.What is the Age Discriminitation in Employment impress (ADEA)? How does the ADEA take aim issues for the aging population?The federal Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) which went into effect in 1968, was passed to protect workers 40 years of age or older from being fired because of their age and replaced with younger workers who presumptively would receive lower salaries (Schaefer, 2012, p. 396). The ADEA provides a resource when there are suspicions of age discrimination in the workplace when it comes to hiring or not promoting or reproduction ageing workers. summon Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper lodge River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.What is being make to maneuver the issues you identified?Many companies hurt been taken to court and charged with violating the ADEA. According to the Equal Employment luck Commissi on, between 1999 and 2004, complaints of age discrimination rose more(prenominal) than 41 pct (Schaefer, 2012, p. 396). Some studies suggest older workers are more of an asset to their employers, are absent little often and are more effective sales populate than their younger co-workers therefore, diminishing the stereotype of the older employee is a less valuable employee.Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper blame River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.Is the itemize of aging population expected to rise in numbers or decrease?The aging population is expected to increase significantly leave into the twenty-first century. With the decline in mortality rates and the baby boomer generation aging the proportion over age 65 increases from less than on in 10 in 1960 to al around one in four by 2050 (Schaefer, 2012, p. 395)Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.What types of lawmaking may or may not be affected by the aging population?The ADEA is one type of legislation which has affected the aging populationensuring they devote recourse if discriminated against in the workplace. Today the affordable Care Act will affect the aging population however, to what extent is still uncertain at this time. Legislation which c formerlyrns allowance provisions is another area which will directly affect the ageing population.Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice Hall.How does poverty affect the aging population?The aged who are most likely to experience poverty are the same people more likely to be poor earlier in their lives female-headed households and racial and ethnic minorities. Although overall the aged are doing well economical, poverty remains a particularly trying problem for the thousands of older adults who are impoverished yearly by paying for long-term medical care (Schaefer , 2012, p. 397). Will the Affordable Care Act ease the burden faced by the elderly who are impoverished by debilitating long-term diseases?Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice HallPart IIAnswer the following questions in 100 to 200 words each. Provide citations for all the sources you use.What does the ADA provide for people with disabilities?The ADA prohibits diagonal in employment, transportation, public accommodations, and telecommunications against people with disabilities (Schaefer, 2012, p. 401). The ADA is considered the most sweeping antidiscrimination legislation since the Civil Rights Act of 1964 thus, ensuring people with disabilities are no longer discriminated against.Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice HallHow have people with disabilities been treated in the past?People with disabilities have been discriminated against i n the past, unable to slow use public transportation, unable to easily enter public buildings, and basically treated as second severalize citizens. The Americans with Disabilities Act was enacted to level the playing field so to speak. Making the at a time inaccessible areas or participating life activities easier for them to maneuver.Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice HallHow has the attitude toward people with disabilities changed over time?Attitudes towards people with disabilities have changes significantly over time. Those who were once shipped off to intuitions are now productive members of society. Many groups across the unify States sprang up utilizing this demographic in meaningful employment positions. In my society we have a group who work with the disabled from collecting crude materials for shredding, managing thrift shops, to years ago sewing the scarfs Elvis Presley used piece preformin g. Today the opportunities for those with disabilities have come a long way however, the armed combat is not over, there is still more work to be done to ensure equality for all.Reference Schaefer, R. T. (2012). Racial and ethnic groups (13th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Prentice HallWhat are some unique great deal or issues encountered by people with disabilities?There are numerous passel or issues encountered by people with disabilities daily. The sheer task of accomplishing anything seemsinsurmountable. Those with physical disabilities moldiness depend on the help of others to simply exist let totally pursue a meaningful life. Public transportation can be difficult sidewalks were not always wheelchair friendly, handicapped parking was non-existent which makes it extremely difficult to live. What about the being looked at as abnormal, those with disabilities must endure abominable amounts of awkward moments daily from those who are not disabled.What is being done to address those issues?The ADA has brought sense to the plight of those with both mental and physical disabilities by ensuring there is no discrimination against this group. However I believe awareness is another step to address the prejudice and discrimination against people with disabilities. We must be able to look past a persons disabilities to see the true person they are, and not label them for their disability.What types of legislation have been introduced to address issues faced by people with disabilities?The Americans with Disabilities Act is the most notable legislation address issues faced by people with disabilities. What type of legislation will the future hold? I believe the ADA has address all the concerns for this demographic however, in the future there may be some revisions to the interpretation of the legislation ensuring everyone with disabilities is serviced fully.

Psychology of Color Essay

The brain receives signals from tierce divergent pretext channels ablaze(p)ness, blue, and greens. When the brain receives a mix of these signals, we perceive colourize that argon mixtures of these three primary polishs through a process c altogethe blushing(a) colouring material addition (Think Quest commenting material mental science). All polishful visible light clear be expressed as either mixtures or consistencies of expiration, blue, or green, which by cognizance between the spunks and the brain, produces the vast spectrum of colourize that exists to public and other organisms alike. With the superpower to neuter our moods and bodily functions, glossary has to a greater extent of an impact on us than we may realize.Each color produces different effects on humans, speech slightly numerous physiological and psychological changes as unique as the color itself. Its presence everywhere in our daily lives makes these effects inevitable, no subject area how unaw be we atomic number 18 of them. colouring materials non only alter the state of our mind and body yet depose overly expose a lot just about ourselves, including our individualality, experiences, and ability to evoke memories. Colors nookie be categorized into two groups, warm colors and cool colors. raw colors consist of any shade of red, orange, yellow, and pink.They can evoke emotions ranging from feelings of warmheartedness and comfort to feelings of anger and hostility. Cool colors consist of greens, blues, and purples. Although they largely wee a quiet, soothing effect, they can in any case bring feelings of sadness or indifference (Kendra Cherry Color Psychology How Colors Impact Moods, Feelings, and Behaviors). Although distributively of the colors within these two groups produces altercations just about similar to those of its group members, they invite their own objective, wholeness-of-a-kind effects on the human body and mind. scarlet is sensat ion of the three primary colors, as well as one of three different color channels the brain receives signals from. It represents ocellus, heat, passion, love, intensity, danger, and is much associated with Christmas and Valentines sidereal day (Nicholson, Mary, Dr. Colors and Moods). macrocosm a very stimulating color, whenever the sight of it is picked up and signaled to the brain, red pioneers the adrenal glands. Physiologically, red can cast up heart rate, respiration, appetite, and blood pressure. It can in any case raise stamina and improve the functioning of the primeval nervous system (Kate Smith, Color Meaning, Symbolism, and Psychology).The psychological effects of red include feelings of anger, vitality, and a sensation of protection from fears and anxieties. rubicund can also append enthusiasm, irritability, and sensuality. With its ability to dispel negative thoughts, it encourages confidence, action, and ambition (Think Quest). In a study by professor of ps ychology Andrew Elliot and researcher Daniela Niesta, it has been demonstrated that the color red makes men feel more amorous towards women (Science Daily Red Enhances Mens Attraction to Women, Psychological Study Reveals).Even to begin with the experiment, research provided twain empirical and biological support to Elliot and Niestas claim. Empirically, red has been associated with romantic love and passions across cultures and the millennia. Biologically, they found faith in humans deep evolutionary roots to order Primates. Research has essayn that nonhuman male primates be particularly attracted to females dis play red. Female baboons and chimpanzees, for example, redden conspicuously when nearing ovulation, sending a clear internal signal designed to attract males (Science Daily).The study looked at mens responses to photographs of women down the stairs various color presentations. In one experiment, subjects were shown a photograph of a woman framed by a border of red and either sporting, white-haired(a), green or blue. The men were thusly asked questions about how attractive they found the women to be. Another experiment consisted of two photos of the kindred woman in which the womans shirt was digitally colored either red or blue. Along with questions concerning attraction, they were also asked about their intentions about dating, much(prenominal) as Imagine that you are going on a date with this person and have $100 in your wallet.How a true deal money would you be allowing to spend on your date? (Science Daily). The results of the experiment showed that under all conditions, the women wearing or framed by red were rated significantly higher in attractiveness and sexual desirability than the exact alike(p) woman shown with any other color. Those whose chooseite color is red are typically outgoing, impulsive, aggressive, and restless in personality. Red is a color chosen by those who carry an circularize nature and a zest for bearin g (Annie B. Bond, Your Favorite Color What it Says About You). Orange is a color that commands much attention.It represents warmth, enthusiasm, exuberance, liveliness and is also associated with Thanksgiving and Halloween (Nicholson). Physiologically, orange can consume the sexual organs, benefit the digestive system, and strengthen the immune system. It incites activity, socialization, and repayable to its hate-it-or-love-it quality, it also sparks statement (Smith). Psychologically, orange relieves feelings of self-pity, lack of self worth, and unwillingness to forgive. It can also open emotions, increase energy, and even serve as a perceptual antidepressant (Think Quest).Due to its association with arrogance, danger, and over-emotion, a survey proves that orange has been labeled as Americas Least Favorite Color (Laurie Pawlik-Kienlen The Subconscious Psychology of Color). great deal who prefer the color orange are often flamboyant, fun-loving, and enjoy living a social vita lity. They can be somewhat histrionic and fickle, but are generally right-natured, agreeable, and popular (Bond). Yellow is an shake up color that is most associated with optimism, intellectuality, enlightenment, happiness, and signs of a bright future.Yellow can increase alertness and decisiveness, encourage communication, and stimulate the muscles and lymph system. Yellow can also activate the brain, spark clear, creative and intelligent thoughts, encourage memory, and stimulate mental processes (Smith). In a psychological sense, yellow brings feelings of happiness and increases perceptiveness, self-confidence, and optimism. It back up in discernment, good judgment, organization, and understanding (Think Quest). However, a dull yellow can bring feelings of fear. Those who favor yellow generally tend to be adventurous, shrewd, and carry a reinforced sense of humor.They can often shun responsibility receivable to their vindicatedom-loving personalities, but are normally clear and precise thinkers who have a good outlook on life (Bond). As one of the three color channels, green occupies more space in the spectrum visible to the human eye than most colors. Green represents nature, health, abundance, wealth, good luck, growth, peace, and clarity. Green can help find out physical equilibrium and relaxation, and has been shown to be beneficial to the heart. It also relaxes muscles and induces slower, deeper breathing (Smith).Psychologically, green has a tranquilizing and balancing effect. It brings about comfort, laziness, relaxation, and harmony. It can also still nervousness and anxiety, and offer a sense of re parvenueal and self-control (Think Quest). Surveys show that Green is Americas second favorite color (Pawlik-Kienlen). It usually a color liked by those who are gentle, sincere, and reputable. However, their tendency to be too modest and patient can lead to their exploitation. They are generally community-minded people who prefer peace at any pric e (Bond). sinister is the last of the three color channels.It is closely associated with spirituality, melancholy, cleanliness, wisdom, sadness, trustworthiness, and commitment (Nicholson). Being at far ends of the color spectrum, the color blue has almost entirely glacial effects of the color red. Blue decreases appetite, breathing, heart rate and blood pressure. It also regulates sleep patterns, keeps bone marrow healthy, and stimulates the pituitary and thyroid glands and causes the production of calming chemicals. Blue brings feelings of calmness and relaxation. It can also eliminate insomnia, aid intuition, and increase mental clarity and control (Smith).However, an excessive amount of blue can be depressing and saddening (ThinkQuest). Surveys prove that the color blue, being the least sex activity specific, is labeled as Americas Favorite Color (Pawlik-Kienlen). People whose favorite color is blue are typically preserving, sensitive, and self-controlled. Even though they c an be worriers who are often cautious, they are faithful and have steady character (Bond). olympian is the majestic color of mystery, creativity, unrest, and royalty (Nicholson). Being the mixture of red and blue, the effects of the color purple contain elements from those of both red and blue.Physiologically, purple can alleviate skin conditions suppress hunger, repose metabolism, and calm the mind and nerves. It can also be perceived as an antiseptic and a narcotic (Smith). Psychologically, purple increases creativity, intuition, imagination, and sensitivity to beauty, high ideals, spirituality, and compassion. It can balance the mind, cleanse emotional disturbances, and combat states of shock and fear (Think Quest). Purple is the favorite color of adolescent girls. Those who prefer purple over all the other colors tend to be artistic, individualistic, fastidious, and witty.They can become remote and sarcastic when misunderstood, but are generally unconventional, tolerant, and dignified (Bond). knap is associated with spring chicken, romance, free spirit, lightheartedness, love (Nicholson). Being a lighter tint of red, many aspects of red are evident in the color pink. Pink can stimulate energy and help muscles relax. Like red, it also increases blood pressure, respiration, heartbeat, and pulse rate. Pink offers feelings of calmness, protection, and a sense of nurture. It encourages action, reduces erratic behavior, and sparks a desire to be raffish (Smith).Embodying the gentler qualities of red, pink represents unaggressive sensuality and unselfish love. People whose favorite color is pink are often charming, maternal, and gentle. However, they tend to desire a shelter life and require affection, perhaps wanting to appear delicate and touchy (Bond). Brown is an organic color that represents reliability, approachability, the natural world, and connections with the Earth (Nicholson). It provides a sense of orderliness, security, stability, and wholesom eness. It also conveys withholding emotion and feelings of retreating from the world (Smith).Those who like the color cook are generally steady, conservative, conscientious, and dependable. They may be tactless and inflexible, but they are responsible and kind (Bond). Black, white, and gray are not considered colors, but are shades. Although they elicit no physiological effects, they still bring about psychological changes. Black represents authority, power, emptiness, sophistication, silence, and death (Nicholson). It evokes strong emotions and sense of potential and possibility. Black produces feelings of passiveness, emptiness, and being inconspicuous (Smith).Those who like black want to give a mystifying appearance, which indicates a suggestion of hidden depths and inner longings (Bond). White represents purity, neutrality, and safety (Nicholson). It aids mental clarity, encourages the elimination of clutter, purifies thoughts and actions, enables fresh beginnings, and offers a feeling of freedom and nudity (Smith). However, an overabundance of white can bring feelings of separation, coldness, and isolation. People who like white indicate a desire for perfection, simplicity, and a recapture of lost youth and freshness (Bond). colourize is the shade in-between black and white.It is associated with dignity, conservativeness, control, independence, and authority (Nicholson). Gray increases independence, self-reliance, evasion, non-commitment, and lack of involvement (Smith). It is unsettling and creates a sense of high expectations, separation, and loneliness. Those who like gray are hard-working and often search for composure and a steady life with few ups and downs (Bond). The effects and associations of a color vary from person to person subjectively. Changes in the general effect of a color depend on some ones personality, experiences, culture, and memories.Through a subjective place of color, a negative association with a color could cause unsuitab le effects and stir distaste towards that color. For example, if you receive a heartbreaking garner sealed in a green envelope, green may straight off be your least favorite color due to a new subconscious association with heartbreak and sorrow. In Elliot and Niestas study on the relationship between attraction and the color red, they also concluded that Although red enhances positive feelings in this study, earlier research suggests the meaning of a color depends on its context.For example, Elliot and others have shown that seeing red in competition situations, such as written examinations or sporting events, leads to worse performance (Science Daily). In a study conducted by UC Berkley, researchers found that peoples color choices were linked to their experiences. To conduct their studies, the researchers had four different groups perform four different tasks rating their color preferences, recording the objects they associated with each color, rating how they felt about each object or matching an object to a color (Rachel Banning-Lover Study Links Color Preference to Experiences).They found that color preference was highly shaped by experience. For example, one subject stated that their favorite color was pink, and then later admitted to having fond memories in her sisters pink bedroom, which would produce a positive association with the color pink. The researchers also discovered a link between school spirit and color preferences. Those who attended Berkley generally preferred their own school colors, blue and gold, over red, Stanfords school color. There has also been cross-cultural evidence that creates change effects of color.Cross-cultural differences can occur in two ways different cultures may have different objects that influence individuals perceptions of certain colors, or two cultures may have the same object but may associate different feelings with that object (Banning-Lover). For example, somebody from France may feel energized more or less navy bluealthough blues are typically calmingdue to the widespread use of the color in their country. Personality is a big, if not the biggest, impact on somebodys preference and perception of a color.In general, extroverts or those with energetic personalities are drawn to richer, warmer colors, period introverts or those with relaxed personalities prefer cooler, more subtle colors (Bond). Colors that are found in certain areas of our everyday lives have a debate for being there. Understanding the objective effects of colors, many places have utilise certain colors to subconsciously manipulate the public into feeling or acting a desirable way, most of the time without them even realizing it.Red is commonly utilize in restaurants, both fast food and sit-downs, due to its ability to increase the appetites of its customers and therefore increasing their likelihood of buying more food. Orange is the color of most traffic cones and construction signs. Used to shot drivers att ention, orange increases their awareness to prevent accidents. Green lights are often utilise in forensics due to its ability to incite a confession from criminals more than any other color of light. With its strong connection with the Earth, green is also used to promote environmentalism.Blue is commonly used in hospitals to calm patients. Research also shows that people are more productive in blue rooms, for example, weightlifters are able to lift heavier weights in blue gyms (David Johnson Color Psychology). Pink is proven to reduce erratic behavior, and is therefore used in many prison holding cells (Think Quest). Due to its ability to tranquilize, sports teams sometimes paint the locker room of the opposing team pinks so their opponents will lose energy. White symbolizes neutrality and is used for truce flags. It is also dim by doctors and nurses to imply sterility (Johnson).The roots of studying the effects of color can be traced back to ancient cultures, such as the Chinese and Egyptians. They practiced chromotherapy, or using colors to heal. For example, blue was believed to soothe nausea and treat pain, while yellow was thought to stimulate the body (Cherry). clean like color psychology received much skepticism in ancient times it still receives much skepticism today. No matter how unaware we are of the physiological and psychological effects of color, there is no doubt that color has a huge impact on our lives, playing a role in moods, decisions, sensations, and much more.

How does the mass media reinforce sterotypes? Essay

Stereotyping is a mental activity that is neither natural or necessary b bely, due(p) to laziness, upbringing or coincidental experiences (Lester, 1996, p.1), the stereotyping of individuals results in harmful generalisations that ultimately decline an individuals unique contribution to humanity (Lester, 1996, p.1). When the mass media make in stereotyping, mislead representations concerning members from diverse cultural groups be confirmed. In this essay, a broad range of texts will be used toexamine the slip flair in which the mass media construct and reinforce complaisant stereotypes around gender, ethnicity and senesce, as well as how the media shape ones imagination though direct im whiles.It cannot be doubted that the media profoundly influence peoples attitudes and outlooks. They learn a whole variety of data which individuals would not otherwise acquire. Newspapers, books, tv, radio, films, save music and popular magazines (Giddens, 1989, p.79) bring individual s into close contact with experiences of which we would otherwise take for little awareness (Giddens, 1989, p.79). There are very few societies, in current times, even among the more traditional cultures, which remain completely full by the mass media. Electronic communication is accessible even to those who are completely illiterate, or in isolated areas of the world. harmonise to Juredini and Poole, gender ordinarily refers to the behavioural and attitudinal characteristics as well as purposes that are learned and derived from a peculiar(a) cultural milieu (2000, p.171). An important source of gender information in a consumer society is television. Despite about notable exceptions, for prototype Sesame Street, just about television shows continue to portray males and females in stereotypical gender roles (Sigorelli, 1990, citied in Newman, 2000, p. 136). In a recent analyze of television programs, male characters are more likely than female characters to acquire leadersh ip roles and achieve them, as well as being depicted as inquisitive.In addition, they are more likely to be represent in a recognisableoccupation, demonstrating to audiences that males are more career orientated and dedicated to work, and emphasising stereotypes that they are the traditional bread winners of the househ grey-haired. Alternatively, females are cast into the role of the caregiver (Thompson and Zerbinos, 1995, cited in Newman, 2000, p. 136). Despite the fact that women make up a majority of the population, most prime time characters ontelevision are male (Smith, 1997, cited in Newman, 2000, p. 136), and are still pictured as in good order and dimensionnal. Women express emotions more easily and are more likely to be flirtatious in order to get their own way.Similarly, in imprint advertising, women were seen to be in the home, being dependent upon men, and not making self-governing and important decisions (Creedon, 1989, p. 249), and are often viewed by themselves and by others as energize objects. In addition, the symbols involved in advertising often piddle a more profound influence on social behaviour than the utter messages the advertising wishes to put forward. Thus, gender divisions are often symbolised in what goes on in the setting or the cover songground of a commercial-grade(Giddens, 1989, p. 446), rather than what it is explicitly selling. In many advertisements, men appear mentally and physically alert, while women are shown gazing into the distance in a dreamy way (Goffman, 1979, cited in Giddens, 1989, p.446).A central gender concern is that advertising is a shorthand form of communication (Creedon, 1989, p. 249) that must make contact with the consumer immediately, in order to establish a shared experience or identification, and is most popularly undertaken through stereotypical imagery. In turn, these images form the cores of ones personal tradition, the defenses of ones agency in society (Creedon, 1989,p. 249), thus r einforcing the social stereotype.Children also receive gender lessons. Understandably, most research about theinfluence of television and the media has concerned children, given(p) the sheer volume of their covering and the possible implications for socialisation (Giddens, 1989, p. 444). In their literary pursuits, books have the capabilities to teach children what other children do in their culture and what is evaluate of them. In a study undertaken in America analysing preschool books, boys played a more significant role in the stories by a ratio of 11 to 1 (cited in Newman, 2000, p. 135). Together, boys were visualised in adventurous roles or undertook activities that required independence and strength, whereas girls were likely to be confined to indoor activities and portrayed as passive and dependent (Newman, 2000, p.135).Similarly, the mass media construct and reinforce social stereotypes around ethnicity, particularly through their stereotypical images and portrayal of et hnic groups playacting certain roles in society. Sociological approaches which attach particular importance to racialism emphasise the limitations imposed on ethnic minorities by such abhorrence and discrimination (Haralambos and Holborn, 1995, p.688). The attention isnot placed upon the ethnic minority itself, however on the wider society which is the minority group.Negative stereotypes of African Americans in particular have been latterlyly ingrained in Anglo American cultures since Africans were brought into the country in chains (Lester, 1996, p. 21). The stereotypes served an essential purpose they justified Anglo enslavement of Africans. Today however, the Anglos in America have been influenced by media images frequently seen on television and in newspapers ofAfrican Americans who are violent, criminal, drug-addicted and on welfare (Lester, 1996, p. 21). As in Australia, Aborigines have been given similar treatment, however they have expressed deep concern (Ericksen, 1996, p. 45) about the way they have been represented in the Australian media. through with(predicate) this, there has been considerably more cardinal presence in prime time television, particularly with programs outlining Aboriginal issues suchas minatory Out. Despite such advancements, regular direct and indirect means of associating Aboriginal persons with criminality, irrational destructiveness and disorder frequently occurs in todays media. Through words such as riot (Ericksen, 1996, p. 46) in Aboriginal headlines and worrisome footage on television, audiences are influenced into constructing ethnic stereotypes of allpersons belonging to that culture or group.Corresponding with gender and ethnicity, the media construct and reinforce social stereotypes around age. According to Golman (cited in Lester, 1996, p.113), all too many television commercials fall back on stereotypes, showing the aged as feeble, foolish or inept, extremely their time aimlessly in rocking chairs. Because s eniors are a large and increasingly affluent market, one destined to grow larger as the mid-fifties baby boomers mature (Lester, 1996, p.114), advertisers should be sensitive to this group. If no sensitivity is used, some seniors may take out their anger and frustration towards images and advertising by ignoring or actively boycotting the product.The mass media reinforce images of the aged through stereotyping, which unavoidably engender fear among the elderly, labelling them as sick or too old for certain things. In many cases, older men are seen to have power, whereas older women as seen as weak. Such an example can be seen in the instance where an older chairman in an American television commercial was shown preparing to give a speech to hisstockholders in a commercial for Coopers and Lybrand in 1993 (Lester, 2996, p. 90). Being an older woman is not so glamorous and well respected. If an older woman is not portrayed as good-natured grandmother, there is a good chance she will be portrayed as senile.Despite the medias reinforcement of social stereotypes among the aged, awareness could take to heart a better understanding of the elderly in particular. Advertising agencies and advertisers enlist young people to write andprepare commercials. Most recent writers on this subject could conclude that the age of the advertising producers is an important factor (Lester, 1996, p. 116) in creating the stereotypical images of age. Young creators working on senior accounts can be a problem, as they do not have the seniors perspective, thus, engaging typically in stereotyping. Such hurdles can be overcome by consulting the large amount of research readily addressable on seniors, and by focusing on a group be of seniors, which in turn will reinforce alternative views on age and aging.It is also arguable that the media, instead of being seen as a torpid umpire between competing interests and an efficient way of disseminating information, critical theorists argue tha t the media are very much implicated in power relations (Juredini and Poole, 2000, p. 313) in society. The most critical view of the medias operations represents the reading, listening and viewing public as victims of a giant con trick(Juredini and Poole, 2000, p. 313), accept in a truth convenient for the powerful groups who describe and visualise the world around us, thus, reinforcing the social stereotypes.The modern media of communication are similarly central to an individuals life, providing many necessary information function as well as offering possibilities for self-enlightenment and entertainment. The media constructs and reinforces social stereotypes around gender, ethnicity and age around the images that are produced, and by the way they are capable of shaping the individuals attitudes and beliefs. Despite such interpretations, it is the choice of the individual what they solve to consume from the diverse amount of information that is served openly to the public, an d to eliminate misleading representations concerning members from diverse cultural groups.

Reflection Paper on Organizational Behavior Course Essay

When the Philippine soldiery (PA) gave me a Masteral Degree Scholarship, I was told to take a compassionate Resource manage manpowert (HRM) blood. Since I chose to take my graduate melodic line in UP Diliman where I took my BA in Public Administration undergraduate feed in before going to the Philippine Military Academy (PMA), I enrolled in the rail of Labor and Industrial Relations (SOLAIR) because they pick up an equivalent graduate course in HRM, which is the Master of Industrial Relations where I can narrow in Human Resource Development.The intent of my graduate study is to educate me with the latest trends, principles, procedures, programs, policies and concepts in HRM, and be able relate and apply them in the personnel c be of the Philippine Army. Although the MIR at SOLAIR is much of the empowerment of labor, enlightened industrial relations and pleasant reasonableice, clam up in that respect ar courses that would be truly(prenominal) useful and relevant for the Philippine Army. Among those relevant course is IR 213 or Organizational Behavior in Industrial Relations, which covers interactions of arrangement, individual and grouping in unions, perplexity and government in IR situations, with emphasis on sociological, psychological and cultural factors.I took this elective course because when I precept the description of the course I immediately believe that this would be rattling relevant for me. I came from an organization that is among the largest single employer in the country, which is the Philippine Army. We ar much or less 85,000 strong, and with that number cultural and social understandation is a certainty. so for an incumbent bid me who would be handling a large number of personnel in the next, a course in organizational behavior would be essential. Although I already took a connatural course in my BS major in Management at the PMA, still that is an undergraduate course and I believe the train of principle and approach path would be higher, and that the focus would be more of the professional level since my classmates would be graduates students many of whom atomic number 18 already practicing their professions.At the sign get of the course I was a little bit overwhelmed by the slew of readings required for a three hour once a calendar week class with a quiz on utter readings at the generator of each class. Although I was non that surprised since my instructor for s helper course, who is Prof. Ronahlee A. Asuncion, PhD, or George, happens to be my instructor in any case in my IR 202 Class the preceding semester where the same technique was used in our class. But as with my prior class, I acquire learned to appreciate this style of semi forcing in effect each student to authenticly read all the readings. thereforely in some manner that torture like shock for the second clip around, was replaced with my queerness and en thuslyiasm as the semester went by.Unlike my un dergraduate course in organizational behavior, where I never in truth had much appreciation, whitethornbe because its more of the theoretical level, this course now really enabled me to get involved on how it is in the real situation. My experience with the Philippine Army, especially in my land assignments in the Visayas and Mindanao, enabled me to handle from 30-100 men in a invade nation, ab initio as a platoon drawing card and later on as a company commander. During this time I have to be a leader, adviser, counselor, brother, father, virtuoso and commander all at the same time. Although I am non really that true or efficient on the roles I just menti wholenessd, since its my graduation exercise time to be assigned in the range, perhaps my leadership training at PMA and other experiences in life allowed me to somehow overcome my shortcomings and finish my tour of duty with flying colors.But flavour back at that episode in my c beer and as I relate those that were di scussed in IR 213, I just wondered if I had interpreted this course prior to that experience, would I have been a better leader of men and a more efficient commander of a unit.It is rough-cut knowledge that the legions is a highly regimented organization, wherein everybody must(prenominal) rigorously obey ranges from commanders, if not you give be punished under the articles of contend or the military version of the penal code. So in a way many would say that it is very easy to manage a military unit or organization since everyone must notice orders, simply this is easier said than done. In my experience, especially in my field assignment in a combat unit in a critical area, as a platoon leader I had my initial challenge as an officer. sonny boy as I am, leading a group of majority old geezer spends, wherein their previous area of operations enabled them to be involved in combat encounters with the communist insurgents with a more experienced and senior platoon leader, it is like a rookie trying to be a go to guy in a basketball team, where I have to earn their respect offset before existence accepted truly as their leader. Yes, they testamenting follow your orders, but there will be measure where this rule will be challenged especially in combat situations. forthwith here lies the relevancy of the course on organizational behavior.Knowledge in human genius, knowledge and attitude would indeed be very important in this situation, although this is fountainhead covered in my undergraduate course in management, the ideas of Fred Luthans on the chapter on Personality, Perception and Employee Attitude and Natasha Marinkovic Grbas (Lisa Matthewman, et al. Work Psychology, Chapter 3) chapter on Personality and Individual Differences refreshes my previous knowledge on the topic and gave me impudent incite on the nurture-nature debate on personality, the Big Five personality traits, the Myers-Brigg types, organizational commitment, and organizationa l citizenship behaviors.I really can relate on the issue whether personality is genetic or influenced by the environment. As I was observing then the individual personality and attitudes of my men, I can really distinguish what part of their personality and attitude were really is a consequence of their training in the military, so I have no puzzle with that since most of that pertains to discipline and technical expertise as a soldier. Now the occupation lies on what other individual personality and attitude that may have been inborn or environment influenced that could affect my relationship with them. Although their initial indifference on my leadership is a group learned attitude, wherein its a kind of an initiation period where I must first pass before universe accepted in the group, still I have to call for their individual personality, perceptions and attitudes in dealing with them individually.I consider the topic on organizational commitment essential, since this pertai ns to the very essence of a military organization. As defined by Luthans, organizational commitment is a strong desire to remain a member of a detail organization, a willingness to exert high levels of effort on behalf of the organization and a definite belief in, and acceptance of, the values and goals of the organization. In short obedience to the organization is whats proceeding discipline and order in the military organization. Perhaps a lecture on this organizational commitment to soldiers on my future unit assignment would be inspirational and reassuring for this will strengthen their zeal as soldiers and allegiance to fight against the enemies of the Filipino batch and the state.Organizational Citizenship Behaviors (OCBs) is also very much military in nature. Everything that are ideal behaviors in a military organization may be considered as organizational citizenship behaviors. Actually military discipline, which is discipline or pursuance an order in the absence of a c ommander, is part of these so called OCBs, and this really what differentiate the military organization from other organizations, and what makes it very efficient and effective. A review and reorientation of the OCBs in the military would also be very important and fundamental in keeping the military highly make and committed to the call of the service. Thus I really appreciate being reoriented in these OCBs, for this will also be included on my future lectures to my would be soldiers in my next tour as a field unit commander.Another very relevant part of the course where I can really relate to is on the topic on melody. A soldiers job is very demanding both physically and psychologically, and this what makes it very filter outful. Identifying these sources of taste is crucial in enabling commanders like me to provide opportunities for my men to cope up with stresses that they would encounter on the job.Fred Luthans pointed unwrap on the Chapter on Stress and Conflict of his n urse on Organizational Behavior, (1) that stress is not simply anxiety, (2) that stress is not simply nervous tension, and (3) that stress is not necessarily something negatively charged, bad or to be avoided.Luthans said anxiety blend solely in the emotional and psychological sphere, whereas stress operates there and also in the physiological sphere. Thus stress may be accompany by anxiety, but the two should not be equated. Its good that Luthans clearly differentiate anxiety with that of stress, because soldiers sometimes only commences from anxiety and at times real stress, knowing what is from the other enables me to provide the book approach or method for them to cope up with each one or both.Luthans also said that like anxiety, nervous tension may allow for from stress, but the two are not the same. He further said that unconscious people have exhibited stress, and some people may keep it bottled up and not reveal it through nervous tension. Soldiers do suffer nervous t ension, thus I must consider the fact that stress could complicate things that may result in a more damaging situation than just a simple stress for the soldier.Luthans further pointed prohibited that eustress is not damaging or bad and is something people should seek out rather than avoid. He mentioned that the key is how the person handles the stress distress may be prevented or can be effectively controlled. As mentioned there are stresses that soldiers encounter that are positive in nature and thus may not have to be avoided, and furthermore negative stress may be prevented or effectively controlled by using head up methods. Survival in combat situation is a scientific discipline that every soldier must possess. This skill is the reason why the PA or the entire military organization is very strict in its recruitment of soldiers, neuro-psycho test is one very stringent examination wherein it must be proven that the recruit is psychologically prepared in nice a soldier.I also m entioned that I must also be a counselor to my men. Since all of us are away from our families and noncombatant friends, and at times we are in combat situations, stress will definitely be a problem if it will not be addressed. John W, Newstrom mentioned on the chapter on Stress and Counseling from his book Human Behavior at Work, that stress affects runance it can either be tendingful or harmful to job performance, depending on its level. Thus to enable commanders like me to maximize soldiers performance, I must consider stresses that tends to maturation performance or avoid stresses that tends to decrease it.Indeed stress management is a must in every organization, Newstrom mentioned that in attempting to manage stress, individuals have three broad options (1) is to prevent or control it, (2) escape from it, or (3) learn to adapt to it (handle its symptoms). Adapting these steps will enable commanders to reduce or eliminate stressors for soldiers. Newstrom mentioned about soci al support, which he defined as the interlocking of helpful activities, interactions and relationships that provides an employee with the satisfaction of important needs. Thats where commanders like me come in first I had to provide the necessary opportunity for my soldiers to have social interactions with fellow soldiers and at times with the civilian populace around our area of assignment and then I must also be functional always to provide counseling to my soldiers as the need arises.Newstrom mentioned about respite and sabbaticals both designed to give soldiers a peace of mind and time to somehow escape the world of combat that we are living in. We on a regular basis schedule field trips and social events that soldiers engage into when situation allows it. Rest and refreshment for soldiers are periodic where every soldier has the opportunity to go home(a) to their families in a certain period of time.Another issue I am refer with regarding stress and counseling is the debr iefing of soldiers afterward a combat operation wherein they are overt to violent actions and at times incurring casualties in our enjoins. During my time in the field this so called after operation debriefing to soldiers does not exist, every soldier is just anticipate to recover psychologically on their own, since they are supposed to be psychologically prepared when they entered the military service.As defined by the handbook on military combat and available stress, traumatic stress injuries are verbal damage to the brain and mind due to an experience involving real or threatened death or serious injury, or its aftermath. Not everyone who is exposed to real or threatened death or its aftermath is disgraced by that experience most people are not. But everyone is temptable to experiencing intense terror, horror, or helplessness when confronted with their own or their peers mortality, and each soldiers susceptibility varies over time due to the accumulation of stress from oth er causes. No one knows how common traumatic stress injuries are among soldiers engaged in combat operations because most are minor, more like bruises than fractures, and most heal quickly on their own without help from others. Even more serious traumatic stress injuries tend to be disabling for only a matter of seconds or minutes, although completely public functioning may not be regained for days, weeks, or months.Although now this problem is being addressed by the PA, wherein support to field units on these matters are increasing. I consider this issue as very crucial one since we have been witness to several(prenominal) fatal effect of combat and operational stress that led to several deaths and injuries by soldiers running amok in barracks or at home killing members of their families and neighbors. Newstrom said that counseling is countersign with an employee of a problem that usually has emotional content in order to help employee cope with it better. Its goal is improved me ntal health and it is performed by both managers and professional counselors. In a similar fashion that appropriate leader actions for managing traumatic stress injuries are analogous to those for managing physical injuries in soldiers, including (1) applying psychological first aid for affected individuals, (2) applying psychological first aid for affected units, (3) assessing the need for professional care, and (4) monitoring healing and mentoring back to honorable health and readiness.Another relevant topic in IR 213 that I want to emphasize is on organizational culture (OD). According to Newstrom organizational development is the systematic application of behavioral science knowledge at various levels (group, intergroup and total organization) to bring about planned change. Whereas according to the book of Lisa Matthewman, et al in their book, Work Psychology, strategic change is concerned with broad, long-term organizational issues, which involves OD programs designed to chan ge vision, mission or corporate philosophy on matters such as growth, quality, innovation and values. It is this kind of OD that the Philippine Army is undergoing right now.The PA has crafted the Army switch Roadmap (ATR) which is a transformation program that highlights the commitment of the PA to pursue original reforms founded on good governance and performance excellence. Its primary purpose is to transform the Army into a more capable, responsive, reliable, and professional organization committed to its mandate. This was not made by one man for one unit. This was created by several people representing different units for the Philippine Army and the people it serves. As mentioned by Newstrom OD requires transformational leaders. These are managers who initiate bold strategic changes to position the organization for its future. They articulate a vision and promote it vigorously just like what senior commanders in PA are doing under the direction of the positive General of the Philippine Army, the PA is promoting a newly crafted vision that is By 2028, to be a world-class Army that is a source of content pride.I am also part of these so called transformational leaders, where I am tasked to take up a Masters Degree in HRM and be able to add in the transformation of the personnel management of PA. Also it is very important to take note of the sources of resistance to change, thus my part in making sure that the resistance among the personnel of the soldiers would be addressed so that complications arising from these resistance would be avoided.For years, the Philippine Army has been viewed negatively by the very people it aims to serve. But times are changing and so are the needs of the nation. Although war fighting is still the core function of the Armed Forces, the Army is increasingly expected to perform non-traditional roles such as disaster response, humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping operations, and support to internal development. Thus I belie ve the topic on organizational development would equip me somehow to enable me to relate them in my attempt to contribute in the area of Human Resource Development for the PA.And finally, the experiences that were share by my classmates in class is priceless, for as a military and government rub downer, their opinions and shared actual on the job know how both in the occult and public sector setting, has given me better understanding of theories applied to actual practice. Indeed this makes graduate school better, since many of the students are practicing professionals, wherein their shared work experiences and higher level of opinion on relevant matters would be an supererogatory learning experience aside from what the instructor would be teaching the students. It has been a long while for me since I returned back to civilian school, and Im glad I returned to my Alma Mater for it brought back memories and pride in my being a UP student, Im not disappointed with this course and as in the other courses that I took in SOLAIR, for it really amend me on matters that I really need to. My work as an officer in the military allows me to interact with many military personnel and my rank allows me to occupy position that is managerial in nature thus this course on organizational behavior has equipped me with the knowledge that I have just enumerated. I believe the objective of the course has been achieved, and I do hope that it will continue to do so for the other students that would be taking this course.